Dear readers, there is a wide variety of organisms in agricultural production systems that can have a negative and positive influence on crops, Generally the producers in the sown areas focus on biodiversity that cause negative effects such as for example the worms that feed on the foliar parts of the plants and when the presence of such organisms is evidenced it is automatically thought in the application of synthetic products (pesticides) without taking into consideration that in the ecosystem you will also find natural enemies of insect pests that perform a natural control of those unwanted insects.
In this sense, when it is desired to apply synthetic products, it is necessary to have relevant information of the plantation collected through a diagnosis, starting from the type of crop that is sown, the insect species considered harmful to the crop, environmental conditions, the most vulnerable state of pest insects for their control, the beneficial fauna present in the crop and whether in the state they are able to tolerate the application of pesticides.
In consideration of the above, a series of recommendations are then made to carry out an adequate control of crop and insect pests without affecting the beneficial fauna of agricultural ecosystems.
- When it is planned to establish a crop, the first thing that should be done is a preparation of the soil, which is the source of the flora that may contain some pest and favors the growth and development of the crop.
- To carry out fertilization tasks that allow to maintain the nutritional levels of the plants making them more resistant to attack of insects pests.
- Selection of certified seeds to ensure the germination rate, together with an adequate weed control, taking into account that weeds can become hosts for pest insects.
- Implement in agreement the cultivation the cultural practices that are necessary to ensure the health of the same, as an example the dehoje in the cultivation of banana.
- Periodic inspections should be carried out in the rainy and low rainy season in order to know at what point they make the greatest attack on the crop and in some cases when beneficial insects can be released as a practice of biological control, if successful, the use of synthetic products can be reduced.
- Using biological controls such as the use of fungi or entomopathogenic bacteria, which will allow to have a balance in the ecosystem, since the use of synthetic products that can cause the alteration of the components of the entire system is decreased.
- Pesticides should only be applied when the level of infestation exceeds the economic threshold, because with some biological products the control will be inefficient because its effect is medium and long term.
Dear readers, the use of pesticides is one of the main causes of the decrease of the beneficial fauna of agricultural ecosystems, due to their toxicity levels and when there is no localized application dispersed to areas such as soil, which is unfavorable to beneficial microorganisms, over time a dependence on these products is created because natural elements such as soil are degraded. At present, large agro-ecological alternatives have been generated that allow for efficient control in accordance with the needs of natural ecosystems.
Thank you for staying with me until the end, I hope that information will serve as guidance for those who wish to preserve natural ecosystems.
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Muchas gracias por la información estimados amigos.
De nada @amestyj, es merecido 😊🌹 ¡Gracias por su participación de lesiones!