Part 2/11:
At its core, quantum computing differs markedly from classical computing. Traditional computers, which we commonly refer to as classical computers, process information using bits, which can either be in a state of 0 or 1. Quantum computers, however, utilize quantum bits, or qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously thanks to three pivotal principles: superposition, entanglement, and interference.
Superposition
Superposition allows qubits to exist in a combination of both 0 and 1 states at the same time. A qubit can be visualized as an arrow in a three-dimensional space: when it points up, it represents 0; when down, it represents 1; and when positioned anywhere in between, it embodies a superposition of both.