Part 4/11:
One of the fascinating avenues at Argonne involves exploring new chemistries using existing elements rather than creating new ones. Lithium-ion batteries are approaching their theoretical limits in terms of density, capping how much energy can be stored per volume or mass. Researchers are now looking into alternative chemistries—combining elements like carbon in novel ways—that could allow for higher densities, longer lifespans, and safer operation. The challenge lies in identifying those optimal molecular arrangements that maximize energy storage while resisting degradation over time.