A particular situation was discussed in which the radiation of a celestial body is so strong as to repel the aether totally from within its body and it was found that such an object corresponds to the concept of dark stars or to the modern term of black holes. It was shown that the visible light emitted by such celestial bodies does not escape from its source not due to the gravitational attraction between the massive body and the light, as it is purported today, but simply due to depletion of the transmitting medium, the aether, in the respective region. It was shown that there is a fundamental difference between the concepts of mass and that of quantity of matter contained in a body and some consequences bearing on Newton’s second law of motion were discussed. Mass was shown to be a dynamical quantity as it is the proportionality constant entering the equation for inertia effect. A relation was found giving the magnitude of this proportionality constant, also known as the inertial mass, in terms of dynamical as well as the intrinsic properties, intensive and extensive, of the accelerating body. ______________________________________________ References 1. Isaac Newton, Principia, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy , translation into English by Andrew Motte, 1 st American ed., (Daniel Adee, New-York, 1846), 73. 2. ibid., 397. 3. Isaac Newton, Four Letters from Sir Isaac Newton to Doctor Bentley, Containing Some Arguments in Proof of a Deity , (R. and J. Dodsley, Pall-Mall, London, 1756). Second Letter from Newton to Bentley, January 17, 1692/3 . 4. Isaac Newton, Four Letters from Sir Isaac Newton to Doctor Bentley, Containing Some Arguments in Proof of a Deity , (R. and J. Dodsley, Pall-Mall, London, 1756). Fourth Letter from Newton to Bentley, February 25, 1692/3 . 5. Isaac Newton, Opticks: Or, A Treatise of the Reflections, Refractions, Inflections and Colours of Light , 2 nd ed., (W. Bowyer, Prince’s Arms, St. Paul’s Church-Yard, London, 1717), Advertisement II. 6. Isaac Newton, Principia, op. cit., 506. 7. Ionel Dinu, “What’s behind Faraday’s Magnetic Lines of Force”, Electric Spacecraft Journal , Issue 41 (2006), 24-30. 8. Ludwig Prandtl, Essentials of Fluid Dynamics, with Applications to Hydraulics,
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Aeronautics, Meteorology and Other Subjects , authorized translation in English (Blackie and Son, Ltd., Glasgow, 1952), 12. 9. James Clerk Maxwell, A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism , (London: Macmillan and Co., 1873), 2:391. 10. John Henry Poynting, “Radiation in the Solar System: its Effect on Temperature and its Pressure on Small Bodies”. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1903, Series A 202: 525-552. 11. Daniel R. Raichel, The Science and Applications of Acoustics , (Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., New York, USA, 2006), 61, 151. 12. Martin V. Zombeck, Handbook of Space Astronomy and Astrophysics , Second Edition (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1990), 25. 13. T. J. J. See, “Dynamical Theory of the Capture of Satellites and of the Division of Nebulae under the Secular Action of a Resisting Medium”, Astronomische Nachrichten Nr. 4341-42, Band 181 (1909), 333-350. 14. Martin V. Zombeck, op. cit., 31. 15. Enrico Fermi, Thermodynamics , (Dover Publications Inc., New York, 1936), 63-73. 16. R. Boehler, “High-Pressure Experiments and the Phase Diagram of Lower Mantle and Core Materials”, Reviews of Geophysics , 38 (2000), 221-245. 17. O. Lummer and E. Pringsheim, Transactions of the German Physical Society 2 (1900), 163. See also: Thomas Preston, The Theory of Heat , 3 rd Edition, (MacMillan and Co., Ltd., London, 1919), 565. 18. Martin V. Zombeck, op. cit., 28. 19. J. M. Miller, A. C. Fabian, M. C. Miller, “A Comparison of Intermediate Mass Black Hole Candidate ULXs and Stellar-Mass Black Holes”, Astrophys.J. 614 (2004) L117-L120. 20. J. Michell, Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., 74 (1784) 35-57. 21. Ludwig Prandtl, op. cit., 180. 22. O. G. Tietjens, Applied Hydro- and Aeromechanics , translation in English by J. P. Den Hartog (McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York and London, 1934), 107. 23. E. T. Whittaker, A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity from the Age of Descartes to the Close of the Nineteenth Century , (Longmans Green and Co., London, 1910) , p.4. ______________________________________________
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Figures Fig. 1
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Fig. 2. The radial distribution of aethereal pressure around a cold body of radius situated in Torricellian vacuum or interstellar space. In the absence of any radiation from the body, the aether permeates its volume at uniform pressure, indicated in figure by uniform color. The aether pressure gradient is zero and so is the aethereal Archimedic force acting on any object situated in the neighborhood of the cold body. Such a thermally inactive body has no gravitational field. Two such bodies cannot form a bound system orbiting around each other. This is confirmed by the fact that no such system was discovered until now in the cosmic space. 0 R
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Fig. 3. The radial distribution of aethereal pressure around a hot body of radius situated in Torricellian vacuum or interstellar space. The radiation originating from the body exerts pressure on the surrounding matter including the aether. The aether is pushed away from the center of the hot body and further beyond its geometric boundary creating an aether pressure gradient indicated in figure by gradient color. The aether pressure is low in the vicinity of the body and approaches the interstellar value at large distances from its center where the radiation pressure becomes negligible, according to eqn. 14. The hot body practically impinges on the aether radially in all directions and creates a region of decreased aether pressure in its neighborhood. Any object situated there is pushed towards the center of the hot body by the aethereal Archimedic force that is born within this region. Such a radiating body in the interstellar space generates a gravitational field and forms bound systems with other bodies. 0 R i p
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