Dengue virus is transmitted by the mosquito species Aedes aegypti. Aedes aegypti produce saliva that contains over one hundred unique proteins, including the protein family D7. Scientists used to believe that the Aedes aegypti saliva, when being transmitted, actually enhanced the dengue virus in the body. It was said that the mosquito’s spit could make the virus spread faster due to the weakened immune response of its host. However, a current study has found that the protein D7 hinders the virus transmission into the host cells. the immune responses of antibodies, that are trying to fight off the foreign virus, actually increase transmission and make the infection worse. Scientists found levels of protein D7 to be more prevalent in salivary glands of dengue-infected mosquitoes compared to those uninfected. D7 is found in mosquito saliva and was thought to assist the process of blood feeding. Despite the prior assumptions, D7 can modulate the host cell and act against the virus to prevent virus infection. Unfortunately D7 proteins provoke immune responses, which raise anti-D7 antibody levels. These antibodies inhibit the function of D7 proteins, which enhance transmission of dengue virus.
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