GENERAL TERMS
Blockchain - a complete list of all the transactions from the entire history that each member of the network has inside a particular cryptovalute, a list from which it can be seen that the sender had once acquired the cryptovalut. A person can not spend a cryptovalute unit if he has not previously gained it, and the fact that he is acquired is in the "ledger". The records (transactions) are grouped into blocks, and each block is bound in sequence by the previous crittaphical keys according to certain protocols by which each cryptovalue differ in one another.
Node - Every computer on which the file blockchain is stored, that is, a computer that contains information about all network transactions.
Mining - the process of verifying a single block of transactions in the network. Often, this requires a large amount of processing power, and for this process miners (miners) are rewarded with a certain amount of mined cryptovalues.
Mining rig - computers specially designed for transaction verification in blockchain kite valves like Etheria or Bitcoin. Such computers are typically several networked processors (CPUs) or graphics cards (GPUs).
Fork - a situation in which cryptovalue is divided into two different currencies. This is most commonly occurring when a whole community encrypts some cryptovalues to negotiate a protocol encryption change or some technical features. Then the newly created protocols are no longer connected to the previous ones in the blockchain, and a new transcript of the new cryptovalue is formed. Example: Bitcoin division into "ordinary" Bitcoin (BTC) and Bitcoin Cash (BCH) in 08/2017.
The PoW - Proof of Work concept refers to a system designed to find the answer to a set problem is difficult and / or expensive, and the variation of the solution to the set problem is easy and / or inexpensive. Specifically, here are various mathematical algorithms that are dealt with by mining, which provide protection against various hacker attacks on the cryptovalve network. The miner who first confirmed a block of transactions by performing the proof of work was rewarded with the amount of these criticisms.
PoS - Proof of Stake - a different way of verifying transactions in relation to PoW. This is still a mathematical algorithm aimed at protecting the network, but in the case of proof of stake, the creator of the new block is determined not on the one who first confirms the block transaction, but on the basis of deterministic variables such as the wealth of a particular user, which is defined as a stake ). There is no prize for block verification, so miners directly receive transaction commissions.
TPS - Transactions per Second - The number of transactions per network per second. It is used as a measure of scalability and the possibility of global application.
Scalability - Scalability is the term that defines the behavior of a network when it comes to a larger number of users. Higher Scalability = The more users in the network, the higher the TPS, ie the transactions are faster. Reverse is valid for lower scalability.
Sharding - a term that primarily refers to the reduction of database size without loss of functionality in order to accelerate the system. In the world of crypt valued, this is one of the methods of solving the problem of scalability - in the blockchain system, the greater the number of users, the scalability is lower, which negatively affects the number of transactions per second and represents a problem for future global application. Sharding, the process of reducing the base is one of the methods used to solve this problem.
Private key - Set of letters / numbers / characters used as a math code for different algorithms from which user addresses are generated. Based on a private key, it is possible to determine which addresses belong to that key - that is, all transactions are associated with those addresses. Based on all private key transactions, you can know the exact "amount in the account" of that key.
Software wallet - a method of storing crypt valued, ie a private key, within special programs (software). These are various applications for mobile phones, tablets and desktops, and there are various applications for numerous crypt valued. There is currently no application where you can store any cryptovalut.
Hardware wallet - a concrete device, most often a USB-like device, which is specially designed and programmed for secure private key cryptovalute storage. Such wallets are often considered the safest way to store crypt valued.
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