The largest unreinforced concrete dome in the world. Image source wikipedia
Greetings, how are you steemit friends? Glad to meet you again and hopefully healthy always. Today I will discuss the construction world, I will explain what it takes to make a concrete that has the quality of K-225, hopefully useful.
What is K-225 concrete?
As we all know, concrete is a mixture of several types of materials used in construction works, such as gravel, water, cement, and concrete sand.
All concrete-forming materials are mixed and stirred to some extent, for example, the whole mixture is considered to be evenly mixed. The composition of the concrete-forming material is also the initial forming treatment which ultimately determines the quality of the concrete characteristically.
Referred to as concrete K-225 is a concrete that has a compressive strength characteristic of at least 225 kg/cm2 when the concrete has been 28 days old, so once the concrete is formed, the concrete cannot be directly used until the age of concrete is considered sufficient.
The quality of concrete can only be known after the concrete is tested in the structure laboratory, so one way to produce a concrete with certain quality is to follow a composition of material according to the analysis and using best materials.
Concrete with quality K225 is generally used in simple buildings that do not require special calculations on structural elements, such as a one-story house.
What are the materials of K225 concrete forming?
Portland cement factory in Aceh. Image source wikipedia
Portland cement
Cement serves as a material adhesive, especially during the manufacture of concrete. Portland cement is very commonly used in various countries as one of the materials in the world of construction.
Portland cement is made of calcium compounds, silicates, and other materials as additive materials. Portland cement also has negative health effects such as lung cancer, chemical burns, and other negative environmental effects.
Portland cement is considered a cheap material, it is caused by the abundant cement-producing material base and can produce concrete with maximum quality
Concrete sand that has less good quality. @kharrazi documentation
Concrete sand
Sand is formed from silicon dioxide is also from limestone, concrete sand is sand that can be used as concrete-forming material at a price that is more expensive than other sand commonly used in construction work.
Concrete sand does not clot when held and generally has a darker color than the sand we usually find.
Gravel
Gravel is a rock that has a size of 2 mm to 75 mm, certain areas that do not have a pebble source will generally use crushed stone instead of gravel, crushed stone obtained from larger rocks and destroyed using crusher.
Gravel is commonly used in simple construction work. @kharrazi documentation
I am actually suggesting you use crushed stone instead of gravel, as a crushed stone is usually obtained from very hard rocks. Crushed stone has a pointed angle and a rougher surface than gravel, so when used as a concrete-forming material, the cement will bind stronger.
Freshwater
Freshwater is the best choice to obtain high-quality concrete, fresh water is water that does not contain salt solution so that when you taste it doesn't salty.
Not only fresh, but you should also ensure that the water to be used is not contaminated with other liquids, such as oil and other organic materials.
How to make K225 quality concrete and how to calculate it?
For example, I will make a calculation of 5 m3 of K225 quality concrete, so you can make further calculation according to field requirement you need.
In accordance with the technical analysis of Indonesian National Standard, to make 1 m3 of K225 quality concrete is required.
Material
| Information | Amount |
|---|---|
| Portland cement | 371 Kg |
| Concrete Sand | 698 Kg |
| Gravel | 1047 Kg |
| Water | 215 liters |
Labor
| Information | Amount |
|---|---|
| Worker | 1.650 Person per day |
| Mason | 0.275 Person per day |
| Foreman | 0.028 Person per day |
| Overseer | 0.083 Person per day |
So to complete production 5 m3 K225 quality concrete is required.
Material
| Information | Coefficient | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Portland cement | 371 Kg x 5 m3 | 1855.00 Kg |
| Concrete Sand | 698 Kg x 5 m3 | 3490.00 Kg |
| Gravel | 1047 Kg x 5 m3 | 5235.00 Kg |
| Water | 215 liters x 5 m3 | 1075.00 Kg |
Labor
| Information | Coefficient | Amount |
|---|---|---|
| Worker | 1,650 Person per day x 5 m3 | 8.25 Person |
| Mason | 0.275 Person per day x 5 m3 | 1.38 Person |
| Foreman | 0.028 Person per day x 5 m3 | 0.14 Person |
| Overseer | 0.083 Person per day x 5 m3 | 0.42 Person |
In fact, it is difficult to determine how many KGs of sand or gravel to complete the work, because it is impossible for you to make a gigantic scale to ascertain whether the material is in accordance with the calculation or not, I usually use a basic coefficient of gravel and sand, which converts it to m3.
Sand.
1 m3 = 1400 kg
Gravel
1 m3 = 1350 kg
So, in accordance with the above calculation then the total requirement of sand and gravel with unit m3 is
3490 kg of sand = 2.49 m3 sand
5239 kg of gravel = 3.88 m3 gravel
By using m3 you will more easily determine or calculate, whether the material you ordered in accordance with the calculation or not and the total workforce needed is 10 person per day.
In the construction world, a need for concrete is so high that we are required to do it perfectly, every concrete has a different quality, a difference in the quality of a concrete is adjusted to a needs of the field, such as the K225 quality concrete commonly used in simple homes.
K225 quality concrete is a concrete that has a compressive strength characteristic of at least 225 kg/cm2 when the concrete is 28 days old.
In accordance with the above calculation example then you can calculate and make your own concrete with K225 quality concrete. The calculation is in accordance with the technical analysis of Indonesian National Standard and can be adjusted to your field needs.
The above calculations can be used by anyone, but I still recommend you to consult your local construction engineer before you undertake construction work, given that each country has different material, climate and regulatory characteristics to a building's standard structure.
This is the only thing I can write on this occasion, over all the mistakes and lack of unintentional writing as a servant of God, I apologize.
Thanks to friends who have visited this blog and provided constructive comments, as well as scientists who are willing to sacrifice their time for a better civilization.
Active link reference:
www.wikipedia.org
www.academia.edu
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BEST REGARDS @kharrazi
Post yang sangat baik. Sesuai dengan bidng kajian. Apakah ini hasil penelitian?. Harapan saya.semoga dapat dikembangkan terus. Sukses. Selamat berkarya. Izin reestem. Salam @muhammadabi
This is the development of unit analysis of the Technical Analysis of Indonesian National Standard, thanks for stoping :)
Thanks for sharing about K225 quality concrete compound. There is indeed important to have the right percentage of each materials. In the early days, there ever huge well-known building collapsed due to poor building materials used. Even though construction companies may want to earn more profit but constructing a building involves human safety. Thanks for sharing!
Youre welcome :)
seep seudeeeh takalon peng vote... hehehe, nyang vote pih pereutee si raman, siramuli, siamin, sidolah... hek deh... suah tapeugot kajianbeupah dilee.
Hahaha, han euk ta pikee keu vote
Yang penteng na awak vote