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The river was straightened for shipping and to mitigate flooding.

But remember, it was flood plain to start with.

It's been a disaster. Instead of a slow meandering flow, they now have a fast current which has made problems with erosion. It was made worse when in the recent modern era they built a hydro-electric dam across it.

Here comes the joke. The city proudly proclaims it is a clean green city because it uses renewables, but fails to mention the massive ecological disaster this has caused with what's left of the remaining wetlands. Further, the current flowing through the dam is progressively digging out the riverbed in front of the dam. They then use diesel powered (non-green) dredges to move gravel back up river to in a vain attempt to fill in the hole. I recall than the original amount of material is replaced. Ultimately, it will lead to the dam collapse.

Not to mention the further environmental damage caused by dredging the river.

Of course there has been extensive building on the reclaimed land.

The water level has dropped in the surrounding wetlands and the old side arms of the river have become still and stagnant.

Fish species such the sturgeon can no longer swim up the Danube because of three dams across it.

But no, Vienna is a "green" city.

Apparently doing one good thing mitigates/excuses a lot of not good things somehow.

It is the cult of today.