There are a couple of standards that meet that criteria.
The most popular of which is the ERC-721 contract that is commonly used on Ethereum and other EVM chains. Conceived in late 2017, ERC-721 is hands down the most well-known of all token standards for creating non-fungible tokens, having already been used in billions of dollars of NFT sales. Ethereum also has the newer and more flexible ERC-1155 standard that can be used to easily create multiple types of tokens in the same contract!
For any of the Antelope chains (WAX / EOS / Telos), you can choose from the second most common NFT standard, Atomic Assets or you can get a bit adventurous and mint using the Marble standard.
In addition to EVM and Antelope, there are also many other popular NFT standards for other blockchain ecosystems.
For Tezos, there is FA 2.0.
Algorand has Algorand Standard Assets (ASA).
Kadena's official standard is Marmalade.
The Polkadot ecosystem has the RMRK NFT standards.
The Cosmos ecosystem has even recently developed a standard for interchain NFTs dubbed ICS-721!
This is just a brief overview of some of the NFT standards that might be a great match for your next project!