Author: Manus AI
Date: August 12, 2025
Abstract
Universal Basic Income (UBI) has emerged as one of the most debated economic policies of the 21st century, promising to address growing inequality and economic uncertainty in an increasingly automated world. The integration of blockchain technology with UBI systems represents a revolutionary approach to social welfare distribution, offering unprecedented transparency, efficiency, and democratic governance. This comprehensive analysis examines three pioneering blockchain UBI implementations: HiveSBI, FreeOS, and Lift.cash, while exploring the critical challenges of identity verification, the advantages of Delegated Proof of Stake (DPOS) consensus mechanisms, and essential wallet security considerations.
Through detailed examination of these real-world examples, this article demonstrates how blockchain technology can transform traditional welfare systems into decentralized, community-governed economic models. The analysis reveals both the immense potential and significant challenges facing blockchain UBI implementations, providing insights crucial for policymakers, technologists, and social welfare advocates navigating the future of economic distribution systems.
Table of Contents
- Introduction to Blockchain UBI
- The Three Pioneers: HiveSBI, FreeOS, and Lift.cash
- The Identity Problem in Blockchain UBI Systems
- DPOS Blockchain: The Democratic Advantage
- Wallet Security: Protecting Digital Basic Income
- Comparative Analysis and Lessons Learned
- Future Implications and Recommendations
- Conclusion
- References
1. Introduction to Blockchain UBI
The concept of Universal Basic Income has evolved from a theoretical economic proposition to a practical policy consideration, driven by technological advancement, economic inequality, and the changing nature of work in the digital age. Traditional UBI proposals have faced significant challenges in implementation, including concerns about funding mechanisms, administrative overhead, political feasibility, and the potential for fraud or misallocation of resources. However, the emergence of blockchain technology has introduced new possibilities for UBI distribution that address many of these fundamental challenges.
Blockchain-based UBI systems leverage the inherent properties of distributed ledger technology to create transparent, efficient, and democratically governed income distribution mechanisms. Unlike traditional welfare systems that rely on centralized bureaucracies and complex eligibility verification processes, blockchain UBI can operate through smart contracts and decentralized governance structures, potentially reducing administrative costs while increasing transparency and community participation.
The integration of blockchain technology with UBI concepts represents more than a mere technological upgrade to existing welfare systems. It fundamentally reimagines how societies can organize economic distribution, moving from top-down governmental control to bottom-up community governance. This shift has profound implications for economic democracy, social welfare policy, and the relationship between individuals and institutions in the digital age.
Three pioneering projects have emerged as leading examples of blockchain UBI implementation: HiveSBI, FreeOS, and Lift.cash. Each represents a different approach to solving the core challenges of UBI distribution while leveraging blockchain technology's unique capabilities. HiveSBI operates as an account-based curation program on the Hive blockchain, providing sustainable crowdfunded basic income through content creation rewards [1]. FreeOS implements a democratic economic system where participants vote weekly on monetary policy to earn FREEOS tokens, creating a community-managed decentralized economic model [2]. Lift.cash employs game theory principles to align personal incentives with group success, using cooperative currency distribution through democratic governance [3].
These systems share common characteristics that distinguish them from traditional welfare approaches: decentralized governance through Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), transparent distribution mechanisms, community-driven decision making, and the elimination of traditional intermediaries. However, they also face unique challenges related to identity verification, scalability, security, and long-term sustainability that require careful analysis and understanding.
The significance of these blockchain UBI experiments extends beyond their immediate impact on participants. They serve as real-world laboratories for testing economic theories, governance models, and technological solutions that could inform future policy decisions and system designs. As governments and organizations worldwide grapple with the challenges of economic inequality and social welfare reform, these blockchain-based approaches offer valuable insights into alternative models of economic organization and distribution.
Understanding the mechanics, advantages, and challenges of these systems is crucial for anyone interested in the future of social welfare, economic policy, or blockchain technology applications. This analysis provides a comprehensive examination of how these systems work, what problems they solve, and what challenges they face, offering insights that extend far beyond the specific implementations examined.
2. The Three Pioneers: HiveSBI, FreeOS, and Lift.cash
2.1 HiveSBI: Crowdfunded Curation as Basic Income
Hive Stake Based Income (HiveSBI) represents one of the most established and successful implementations of blockchain-based income distribution, operating as an account-based curation program that provides sustainable crowdfunded basic income through the Hive blockchain ecosystem [1]. The system operates on a unique model where participants sponsor accounts for regular ongoing curation and receive back curation rewards as upvotes on their own content, creating a mutually beneficial ecosystem that empowers both sponsors and recipients to earn sustainable income.
The technical implementation of HiveSBI demonstrates sophisticated understanding of blockchain economics and community incentives. The system tracks a pending vote value for every enrolled account, with automatic increases every 2.4 hours based on unit levels at a per-unit rate determined to be sustainable for the overall ecosystem [1]. This regular, predictable income stream addresses one of the core challenges of traditional UBI systems: ensuring consistent and reliable payments without depleting system resources.
The minimum threshold system employed by HiveSBI illustrates careful economic design. Participants require a pending balance of $0.063 to deliver the minimum upvote of $0.021, but new members start with enough pending vote value to receive their first upvote immediately [1]. This approach balances system sustainability with user engagement, ensuring that new participants can experience the benefits of the system without delay while maintaining long-term viability through careful resource management.
What distinguishes HiveSBI from traditional welfare systems is its crowdfunded nature and the reciprocal relationship between sponsors and recipients. Rather than relying on government funding or taxation, the system creates value through community participation and content creation. This model demonstrates how blockchain technology can enable new forms of economic organization that transcend traditional public-private distinctions, creating hybrid systems that combine market mechanisms with social welfare objectives.
The success of HiveSBI in maintaining operations and growing its user base over several years provides valuable evidence for the viability of blockchain UBI systems. The system has demonstrated resilience through various market conditions and has maintained consistent payouts to participants, suggesting that well-designed blockchain UBI systems can achieve the sustainability that has eluded many traditional UBI pilot programs.
2.2 FreeOS: Democratic Monetary Policy and Universal Access
FreeOS represents perhaps the most ambitious attempt to create a comprehensive blockchain-based economic system that provides universal basic income through democratic governance and community-driven monetary policy [2]. Operating as a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO), FreeOS enables participants to vote weekly on monetary policies that directly influence the distribution and value of FREEOS tokens, creating a system where the community collectively manages its own economic destiny.
The democratic governance model employed by FreeOS addresses one of the fundamental criticisms of traditional UBI systems: the lack of recipient agency in determining distribution policies. In conventional welfare systems, beneficiaries have little to no input into how programs are designed or administered. FreeOS inverts this relationship, making every participant a stakeholder in the system's governance through its one-person-one-vote model [2]. This approach not only increases participant engagement but also ensures that the system evolves in response to community needs and preferences.
The technical infrastructure of FreeOS builds on the Proton blockchain, utilizing WebAuth wallet technology and requiring identity verification through the Metallicus platform [2]. This combination of accessibility and security demonstrates how blockchain UBI systems can balance ease of use with necessary safeguards against fraud and abuse. The requirement for identity verification addresses the critical challenge of ensuring that UBI benefits reach intended recipients while preventing duplicate claims or system gaming.
The weekly voting mechanism employed by FreeOS creates a dynamic system where monetary policy responds to real-time community input rather than predetermined algorithms or centralized decision-making. Participants vote on policies that affect token supply and demand dynamics, with the goal of maintaining a healthy token price while ensuring fair distribution [2]. This approach represents a novel experiment in democratic monetary policy that could have implications far beyond UBI systems.
The philosophical foundation of FreeOS extends beyond mere income distribution to encompass broader principles of cooperation, democracy, and community empowerment. The system explicitly promotes values such as cooperation as currency, mutual benefit, and collective decision-making [2]. This holistic approach suggests that blockchain UBI systems can serve not only as income distribution mechanisms but also as platforms for experimenting with alternative economic and social organization models.
The accessibility of FreeOS, being free to join with participation requiring only minutes of time each week to vote, demonstrates how blockchain technology can lower barriers to participation in economic systems [2]. This accessibility is crucial for UBI systems, which must be able to reach and serve diverse populations, including those who may lack technical expertise or resources.
2.3 Lift.cash: Game Theory and Cooperative Economics
Lift.cash represents a sophisticated application of game theory principles to blockchain UBI, creating a system where personal incentives align with group success through cooperative currency distribution and democratic governance [3]. The platform operates on the principle that individual prosperity and community welfare are not competing interests but rather mutually reinforcing objectives that can be optimized through careful system design.
The game theory foundation of Lift.cash addresses one of the persistent criticisms of UBI systems: the concern that guaranteed income might reduce work incentives or create dependency. By structuring the system so that individual contributions directly benefit both the contributor and the broader community, Lift.cash creates positive feedback loops that encourage participation and engagement rather than passive dependency [3]. This approach demonstrates how blockchain technology can enable more sophisticated incentive structures than traditional welfare systems.
The cooperative currency model employed by Lift.cash, using LIFT tokens, creates a medium of exchange that embodies the system's values of cooperation, democracy, and meritocracy [3]. Unlike traditional currencies that may concentrate wealth or power, the LIFT token system is designed to distribute value based on contributions and community participation. This approach suggests that blockchain UBI systems can serve not only as income distribution mechanisms but also as tools for creating more equitable economic relationships.
The democratic governance structure of Lift.cash ensures that all participants have equal voice in economic policy decisions, implementing a one-person-one-vote model that gives everyone control over the system's direction [3]. This democratic approach extends beyond simple voting to encompass broader principles of economic democracy, where participants collectively determine how their economic system operates and evolves.
The emphasis on peer-to-peer connections and the elimination of intermediaries in Lift.cash reflects broader blockchain principles of disintermediation and decentralization [3]. By removing traditional financial intermediaries and bureaucratic structures, the system can operate more efficiently while giving participants more direct control over their economic relationships. This approach has implications not only for UBI systems but for broader questions about the role of institutions in economic organization.
The community-first approach of Lift.cash, which attracts local organizers, cooperatives, DAOs, and freedom advocates, demonstrates how blockchain UBI systems can serve as platforms for broader social and economic movements [3]. Rather than simply distributing income, these systems can become focal points for communities seeking alternative economic arrangements and greater economic democracy.
Lift.cash is beeing built on the Internet computer and is not yet available at the moment.
2.4 Comparative Analysis of the Three Systems
While HiveSBI, FreeOS, and Lift.cash all implement blockchain-based income distribution, they represent distinct approaches to solving the core challenges of UBI systems. HiveSBI focuses on creating sustainable income through content creation and curation, demonstrating how UBI can be integrated with productive activities. FreeOS emphasizes democratic governance and universal access, showing how communities can collectively manage their economic systems. Lift.cash applies game theory to align individual and collective interests, illustrating how sophisticated incentive design can address traditional UBI concerns.
These different approaches reflect the diversity of possible blockchain UBI implementations and suggest that there is no single optimal design for such systems. Instead, different communities and contexts may require different approaches, with the choice depending on factors such as community values, technical capabilities, regulatory environment, and economic conditions.
The success of all three systems in maintaining operations and growing user bases provides evidence that blockchain UBI is not merely a theoretical possibility but a practical reality. These systems have demonstrated that it is possible to create sustainable, transparent, and democratically governed income distribution mechanisms using blockchain technology, offering valuable lessons for future implementations and policy development.
3. The Identity Problem in Blockchain UBI Systems
3.1 The Fundamental Challenge of Digital Identity
The implementation of blockchain-based Universal Basic Income systems faces a fundamental paradox: while blockchain technology promises decentralization and pseudonymity, UBI systems require reliable identity verification to ensure fair distribution and prevent fraud. This tension between privacy and accountability represents one of the most significant technical and philosophical challenges facing blockchain UBI implementations.
Traditional identity verification systems rely on centralized authorities such as governments, banks, or other institutions to validate and maintain identity records. These systems, while imperfect, provide a framework for ensuring that benefits reach intended recipients and that individuals cannot claim multiple benefits. However, centralized identity systems also create single points of failure, privacy concerns, and barriers to access for marginalized populations who may lack traditional forms of identification [4].
The challenge becomes more complex in the context of blockchain systems, where the fundamental architecture is designed to operate without trusted central authorities. Blockchain UBI systems must somehow verify that each participant represents a unique individual without relying on traditional identity infrastructure, while maintaining the decentralized principles that make blockchain technology attractive for UBI implementation.
3.2 Current Approaches to Identity Verification
The three blockchain UBI systems examined demonstrate different approaches to addressing the identity challenge, each with distinct advantages and limitations. FreeOS requires identity verification through the Metallicus platform (identity.metallicus.com), representing a hybrid approach that combines blockchain distribution with traditional identity verification [2]. This approach provides strong assurance against duplicate accounts but introduces a centralized dependency that somewhat contradicts the decentralized ethos of blockchain systems.
HiveSBI operates within the Hive blockchain ecosystem, where account creation and management provide some level of identity assurance through the platform's existing mechanisms [1]. However, this approach relies on the broader Hive ecosystem's identity management rather than implementing specific UBI-focused identity verification. While this reduces complexity, it may not provide the level of identity assurance required for large-scale UBI implementation.
Lift.cash emphasizes its one-person-one-vote model but does not specify detailed identity verification mechanisms in its public documentation [3]. This approach may rely on community governance and social verification rather than technical identity solutions, representing a more decentralized but potentially less secure approach to identity management.
3.3 Technical Solutions and Innovations
The blockchain identity verification landscape has seen significant innovation in recent years, with various technical solutions emerging to address the unique challenges of decentralized identity management. Self-sovereign identity (SSI) systems allow individuals to control their own identity credentials without relying on centralized authorities, potentially providing a solution that maintains both privacy and verification capabilities [5].
Biometric verification systems integrated with blockchain technology offer another potential solution, using unique biological characteristics to ensure one-person-one-account relationships. However, these systems raise significant privacy concerns and may exclude individuals with disabilities or those uncomfortable with biometric data collection.
Zero-knowledge proof systems represent a promising technical approach that could allow identity verification without revealing personal information. These cryptographic techniques enable individuals to prove they meet certain criteria (such as being a unique person) without disclosing the underlying data used for verification [6]. While technically complex, zero-knowledge proofs could provide the privacy-preserving identity verification that blockchain UBI systems require.
3.4 Scalability and Interoperability Challenges
The identity problem in blockchain UBI systems is compounded by scalability and interoperability challenges. Current blockchain networks face limitations in handling large volumes of identity data and transactions, which could become problematic as UBI systems scale to serve larger populations [7]. The computational and storage requirements for maintaining identity verification systems on blockchain networks may prove prohibitive for global-scale UBI implementation.
Interoperability between different blockchain identity systems presents another significant challenge. If multiple blockchain UBI systems operate with incompatible identity verification mechanisms, individuals may be able to participate in multiple systems simultaneously, undermining the fundamental principle of universal basic income. Developing standards and protocols for cross-system identity verification will be crucial for the long-term viability of blockchain UBI.
3.5 Regulatory and Compliance Considerations
The identity verification requirements for blockchain UBI systems must also navigate complex regulatory landscapes that vary significantly across jurisdictions. Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) regulations may require specific identity verification procedures that conflict with blockchain privacy principles [8]. Additionally, data protection regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Europe impose strict requirements on how personal data is collected, stored, and processed.
The lack of globally accepted standards for blockchain-based identity management creates additional compliance challenges [9]. Different jurisdictions may have incompatible requirements for identity verification, making it difficult to develop blockchain UBI systems that can operate across borders or serve international populations.
3.6 Social and Ethical Implications
Beyond technical and regulatory challenges, the identity problem in blockchain UBI systems raises important social and ethical questions. The requirement for identity verification may exclude vulnerable populations who lack access to traditional identification documents or technology. This exclusion could undermine the universal nature of UBI and perpetuate existing inequalities rather than addressing them.
The tension between privacy and verification also reflects broader debates about surveillance, autonomy, and the role of technology in society. While identity verification is necessary to prevent fraud and ensure fair distribution, overly intrusive verification systems could create new forms of digital surveillance that compromise individual privacy and autonomy.
3.7 Future Directions and Solutions
Addressing the identity problem in blockchain UBI systems will likely require a combination of technical innovation, regulatory adaptation, and social consensus. Emerging technologies such as decentralized identity networks, advanced cryptographic techniques, and AI-powered verification systems may provide new solutions that balance privacy, security, and accessibility.
The development of global standards for blockchain identity verification could help address interoperability challenges while ensuring that systems meet necessary security and privacy requirements. International cooperation and coordination will be essential for creating identity verification frameworks that can support global-scale blockchain UBI implementation.
Community-based verification mechanisms, where local communities vouch for individual identities, represent another potential approach that could combine the benefits of decentralization with practical identity assurance. These systems would rely on social networks and community knowledge rather than technical verification, potentially providing more inclusive and culturally appropriate identity solutions.
The identity problem in blockchain UBI systems ultimately reflects broader challenges in digital identity management and the tension between technological capabilities and social needs. Solving this problem will require not only technical innovation but also careful consideration of social, ethical, and regulatory factors that affect how identity verification systems are designed and implemented.
4. DPOS Blockchain: The Democratic Advantage
4.1 Understanding Delegated Proof of Stake
Delegated Proof of Stake (DPOS) represents a significant evolution in blockchain consensus mechanisms, offering unique advantages that make it particularly well-suited for Universal Basic Income applications. Unlike traditional Proof of Work (PoW) systems that rely on computational power or Proof of Stake (PoS) systems that depend on token holdings, DPOS introduces a democratic element where token holders vote for delegates who are responsible for validating transactions and maintaining the network [10].
The democratic nature of DPOS aligns naturally with the principles underlying UBI systems, which seek to provide universal access to economic resources through fair and transparent mechanisms.
The technical architecture of DPOS enables faster transaction processing and higher throughput compared to traditional consensus mechanisms. Research indicates that DPOS systems can achieve 68-73% better performance than PoS systems in block production, making them capable of handling the transaction volumes required for large-scale UBI distribution [11]. This scalability advantage is crucial for UBI systems that must process regular payments to potentially millions of recipients.
4.2 Energy Efficiency and Environmental Sustainability
One of the most significant advantages of DPOS for UBI applications is its energy efficiency compared to Proof of Work systems. While Bitcoin's PoW consensus mechanism consumes enormous amounts of energy, DPOS systems use approximately 99% less energy, making them environmentally sustainable options for large-scale social welfare programs [12]. This energy efficiency is not merely a technical consideration but an ethical imperative for UBI systems that aim to create more equitable and sustainable economic arrangements.
The environmental sustainability of DPOS systems becomes particularly important when considering the global scale at which UBI programs might eventually operate. A worldwide UBI system serving billions of people cannot rely on energy-intensive consensus mechanisms without contributing significantly to climate change and environmental degradation. DPOS provides a pathway for implementing blockchain UBI systems that align with broader sustainability goals and environmental responsibility.
The reduced energy requirements of DPOS also translate into lower operational costs, making it more feasible to operate UBI systems with minimal overhead. Traditional welfare systems often suffer from high administrative costs that reduce the resources available for actual benefit distribution. DPOS blockchain systems can minimize these costs while maintaining security and transparency, allowing more resources to reach intended beneficiaries.
4.3 Democratic Governance and Community Participation
The democratic governance model inherent in DPOS systems provides a natural framework for community participation in UBI program management. In DPOS networks, token holders regularly vote for delegates who represent their interests in network governance, creating ongoing democratic engagement that extends beyond simple benefit distribution [13]. This participatory approach addresses one of the key criticisms of traditional welfare systems: the lack of recipient agency in program design and administration.
The real-time voting capabilities of DPOS systems enable dynamic governance that can respond quickly to changing community needs and preferences. Unlike traditional bureaucratic systems that may take months or years to implement policy changes, DPOS-based UBI systems can adapt their operations based on community input in near real-time. This responsiveness is crucial for UBI systems that must remain relevant and effective in rapidly changing economic and social conditions.
The transparency inherent in DPOS governance also ensures that all stakeholders can observe and verify how decisions are made and implemented. Every vote, every delegate action, and every policy change is recorded on the blockchain, creating an immutable audit trail that promotes accountability and trust. This transparency is particularly important for UBI systems, which must maintain public confidence to ensure long-term political and social support.
4.4 Scalability and Performance Advantages
DPOS systems demonstrate superior scalability characteristics that are essential for UBI applications serving large populations. The limited number of delegates in DPOS networks (typically 21 delegates) allows for faster consensus and higher transaction throughput compared to systems where all participants must reach agreement [14]. This architectural advantage enables DPOS-based UBI systems to process the regular, recurring payments that characterize basic income programs without experiencing network congestion or delays.
The performance advantages of DPOS become more pronounced as system usage increases. While traditional blockchain networks may experience slower transaction times and higher fees during periods of high demand, DPOS systems maintain consistent performance due to their streamlined consensus process. This reliability is crucial for UBI systems where payment delays could have serious consequences for recipients who depend on these payments for basic needs.
The ability of DPOS systems to guarantee system availability even during network partitions provides additional resilience for UBI applications [15]. Traditional centralized welfare systems can fail completely if key infrastructure is compromised, but DPOS networks can continue operating even if some delegates become unavailable. This fault tolerance ensures that UBI payments can continue even during technical difficulties or external disruptions.
4.5 Equitable Reward Distribution
The reward distribution mechanism in DPOS-based UBI systems creates positive incentives for community participation and engagement. Voters receive rewards for participating in delegate selection, encouraging ongoing involvement in system governance rather than passive benefit receipt. This active participation model helps build stronger communities around UBI programs and ensures that recipients have meaningful input into how their economic systems operate.
The ability for anyone to become a delegate if they contribute to the system creates opportunities for leadership and advancement within DPOS-based UBI communities [17]. This meritocratic element provides pathways for economic mobility and community leadership that may be absent in traditional welfare systems, helping to address concerns about dependency and lack of opportunity.
4.6 Security and Resilience
DPOS systems provide robust security through their distributed consensus mechanism while maintaining the efficiency needed for UBI applications. The requirement for multiple delegates to validate transactions creates redundancy that protects against single points of failure, while the democratic selection process ensures that delegates remain accountable to the community they serve [18]. This combination of security and accountability is essential for UBI systems that must protect against fraud while maintaining community trust.
The economic incentives built into DPOS systems align delegate interests with network security and performance. Delegates who fail to perform their duties or act against community interests can be voted out by token holders, creating strong incentives for responsible behavior. This self-regulating mechanism reduces the need for external oversight while ensuring that the system operates in the best interests of all participants.
The transparency of DPOS operations also contributes to security by enabling community monitoring of delegate behavior and system performance. Any attempts at fraud or manipulation can be quickly detected and addressed through the democratic governance process, providing a level of security that relies on community vigilance rather than centralized authority.
4.7 Integration with UBI Principles
The philosophical alignment between DPOS and UBI principles extends beyond technical considerations to encompass broader questions of economic democracy and social organization. Both DPOS and UBI seek to distribute power and resources more broadly throughout society, challenging traditional hierarchies and concentrations of authority. This alignment makes DPOS a natural choice for blockchain UBI implementations that aim to embody democratic and egalitarian values.
The accessibility of DPOS systems, where participation requires minimal technical knowledge or resources, supports the universal nature of UBI programs. Unlike PoW systems that require expensive mining equipment or PoS systems that favor large token holders, DPOS enables meaningful participation by anyone with basic access to the network. This accessibility is crucial for UBI systems that must serve diverse populations with varying levels of technical expertise and economic resources.
The community-first approach inherent in DPOS governance creates opportunities for local adaptation and customization of UBI programs. Different communities can select delegates who represent their specific needs and values, allowing for diversity in implementation while maintaining the benefits of shared infrastructure and technology. This flexibility enables UBI systems to respect local autonomy while providing universal access to basic economic security.
4.8 Challenges and Limitations
Despite its advantages, DPOS is not without challenges that must be considered in UBI implementations. The concentration of validation power among a limited number of delegates can potentially lead to centralization if delegate selection becomes dominated by large token holders or special interests. UBI systems must implement safeguards to ensure that democratic governance remains truly representative of all participants rather than being captured by wealthy or powerful actors.
The complexity of DPOS governance may also present barriers to participation for some community members, particularly those with limited technical knowledge or experience with blockchain systems. UBI programs using DPOS must invest in education and user experience design to ensure that all intended beneficiaries can meaningfully participate in system governance.
The reliance on ongoing community participation for system security and governance creates sustainability challenges that must be addressed through careful incentive design and community building. UBI systems must maintain high levels of engagement over time to ensure continued democratic legitimacy and system security, requiring ongoing investment in community development and stakeholder engagement.
Despite these challenges, DPOS represents the most promising consensus mechanism for blockchain UBI implementations, offering a combination of efficiency, democracy, and sustainability that aligns with the goals and requirements of universal basic income programs. The successful implementation of DPOS in existing blockchain UBI systems demonstrates its practical viability and suggests that it will continue to play a central role in the evolution of decentralized social welfare systems.
That is a pretty interesting read (I admit, I read parts of it, and have saved the rest for later today, in a more comfy chair ;-) ). I love the concept of UBI, and I am a sucker for HSBI!
I did hear about lift.cash and FreeOS before, but didn’t know they were UBI systems, so many thanks for sharing, I will look deeper into them!
Ps: consider voting for my Hive Witness @botlord please! -> https://ecency.com/witnesses 🙏😉
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I voted for your witness...and notice that you are not yet a student at EducDAO !!!
https://hive.blog/hive-138376/@chrisaiki/step-by-step-onboarding-with-educdao-december-2024
I am expecting your membership card!
Thank you very much!!! I saw your vote indeed ;-) Really appreciated!
I’m not a member yet indeed, but I’ll fix that soon! ;-)
!HOPE
!PIZZA
!INDEED
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Checked out the post, and bookmarked it into my To Do list! I’m currently on the go, and don’t want to mess things up ;-)
!HOPE
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!INDEED
!ALIVE
!BBH
$PIZZA slices delivered:
@borniet(10/15) tipped @chrisaiki (x2)
Come get MOONed!