Lima también fue una ciudad prehispánica y las huacas son los principales vestigios que permanecen en el tiempo. En el Distrito de Surquillo, hay un yacimiento arqueológico de 2.638 m2, llamado Huaca La Merced. Fue declarado Patrimonio Cultural de la Nación en el año 2002.
Lima was also a pre-Hispanic city and the huacas are the main vestiges that remain in time. In the District of Surquillo, there is an archaeological site of 2,638 m2, called Huaca La Merced. It was declared Cultural Heritage of the Nation in 2002.
La voz huaca designaba todo lo sagrado para la cultura Inca. Según sus tradiciones ellas poseían personalidad propia, por lo tanto eran consideradas objetos de veneración. Como centro religioso, las huacas son también famosas por ser el lugar donde se depositaban ofrendas.
The voice huaca designated everything sacred for the Inca culture. According to their traditions they possessed their own personality, therefore they were considered objects of veneration. As a religious center, the huacas are also famous for being the place where offerings were deposited.
La Huaca La Merced fue construida y ocupada por la cultura Ychsma a fines del período Intermedio Tardío (1100 – 1450 d.C.) y abandonado en el período Horizonte Tardío (1450 – 1532 d.C.). Posiblemente fue un centro administrativo para el control de canales de riego de la zona, y luego reutilizada por los Incas como cementerio.
Dentro de sus muros de tapia de forma trapezoidal, había patios y habitaciones conectados por pasadizos. Tiene una morfología de una gran pirámide trunca que alcanzó una altura de 16 m. Para darle volumen a la huaca, se construyeron plataformas de adobe con rellenos de tierra arenosa y piedras redondas. Esta plataforma servía de base para los muros. De esta forma, la huaca estaba a mayor altura que los campos de cultivo, evitando su inundación.
Los principales hallazgos arqueológicos: vasijas, textiles, huesos e instrumentos, conchas de abanicos, y un fardo funerario en casi perfecto estado.
The Huaca La Merced was built and occupied by the Ychsma culture at the end of the Late Intermediate period (1100 - 1450 A.D.) and abandoned in the Late Horizon period (1450 - 1532 A.D.) It was possibly an administrative center for the control of irrigation canals in the area, and later reused by the Incas as a cemetery.
Within its trapezoidal tapia walls, there were courtyards and rooms connected by passageways. It has a morphology of a large truncated pyramid that reached a height of 16 m. To give volume to the huaca, adobe platforms were built with sandy soil and round stones. This platform served as a base for the walls. In this way, the huaca was higher than the cultivated fields, avoiding flooding.
The main archaeological finds: vessels, textiles, bones and tools, fan shells, and a funerary bundle in almost perfect condition.
Lima cuenta con 431 huacas, y casi el 60% está en riesgo de desaparecer, desconocimiento por parte de sus habitantes y el rápido crecimiento urbano, son algunos de los factores.
La Huaca La Merced, es una de tantas que ha sido recuperada y puesta en valor. Se le está dando la importancia a éste monumento, de contar su historia y de las personas que la habitaron. Estos testigos del tiempo son, sin duda alguna, un gran tesoro arqueológico.
Lima has 431 huacas, and almost 60% are at risk of disappearing, due to lack of knowledge on the part of its inhabitants and rapid urban growth, are some of the factors.
The Huaca La Merced, is one of many that has been recovered and put in value. It is giving the importance to this monument, to tell its history and the people who inhabited it. These witnesses of time are, without a doubt, a great archaeological treasure.
Gracias por haberme acompañado hasta aquí.
Espero hayas disfrutado este post.
Thank you for joining me here.
I hope you enjoyed this post.
✔️ Todas las fotografías son de mi autoría, y tomadas con mi teléfono.
✔️ Traducción con ayuda de Deepl.
✔️ All photographs are my own, and taken with my phone.
✔️ Translation with the help of Deepl.
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