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Ethnically Melanesian, Bougainvilleans share linguistic and cultural ties with the Solomon Islanders rather than their Papua New Guinean neighbors. To emphasize their distinct identity, they even attempted to declare independence as the Republic of North Solomons in the 1970s. This desire for recognition stems from their cultural uniqueness, exemplified by the iconic oop headdress, which symbolizes their heritage and is featured prominently on their flag.