Part 2/9:
Historically, advanced military technology has had a decisive impact on battles between civilizations at different technological levels. A relevant example is the Battle of Cajamarca, where Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro led merely 168 soldiers to victory against an overwhelming force of 8,000 Inca warriors. The Inca's unfamiliarity with firearms led to disarray and panic, showcasing a classic application of the "shock and awe" tactic. For this scenario, it is assumed that the Romans would similarly succumb to the panic induced by modern firearms, leading to a quick defeat.
However, while this scenario appears plausible, it lacks the depth and intrigue that a more nuanced analysis could provide. Hence, we turn our attention to a second, more exciting possibility.