Part 4/10:
Decades of colonial oppression and cultural suppression fed into a fiery independence movement that saw the rise of the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) and later the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front (EPLF). By 1991, amidst the upheaval of the Ethiopian civil war and the fall of the Derg regime, Eritrea established de facto independence, which was cemented through a referendum in 1993.