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Historically, Helgoland was inhabited by ethnic Frisians who led a simple life as fishermen and smugglers. Prior to British involvement, it fell under Danish control in the 15th century before eventually being seized by the British amidst the Napoleonic conflicts. The island's significance surged when Britain aimed to thwart Napoleon's economic blockade, transforming Helgoland into a hub for smuggling and trade that undermined French efforts.