Part 2/9:
According to the 2021 census, ethnic Hungarians form the largest minority in Romania, accounting for approximately 5% of the population, or around 1 million individuals. The majority reside in Transylvania, a historically contested region between Romanians and Hungarians. The Treaty of Trianon, signed in 1920, drastically redefined Hungary's borders following World War I, resulting in significant numbers of Hungarians residing outside Hungary. This shift has been a central issue in Hungary's foreign policy post-communism, with the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR) established in 1989 to represent their interests.