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Iran's industries have also been severely affected. Once a pride of the nation, car production has plummeted from 1.4 million vehicles in 2011 to barely one million in recent years as sanctions stifle access to necessary parts and markets. Small businesses, particularly in cities like Isfahan, face dwindling customer bases as consumers can no longer afford to spend.
The private sector is stifled by excessive bureaucracy and a lack of financial support, exacerbating job creation issues. As businesses close, the cascading impact affects workers, suppliers, and communities desperately clinging to hope.