Part 8/12:
The 1979 Islamic Revolution initiated a shift from a mixed economy to a state-controlled model, ultimately reducing competition and stifling private enterprises. This has created a class of insiders—politicians, military figures, and business elites—who prosper while ordinary citizens suffer. As protests erupt in reaction to the economic crisis, the government remains fearful of reform that could diminish its power.
The Role of Sanctions and International Relations
Sanctions imposed by the United States and its allies have severely restricted Iran’s ability to engage in global trade. The steep decline in oil exports over the past decade is a direct result of these economic sanctions, significantly impacting government revenues and exacerbating social challenges.