Part 5/12:
At the heart of quantum information science lies the concept of the quantum bit (qubit). Dr. Gilbert illustrated the difference between classical bits and qubits, emphasizing that the latter can represent a continuous spectrum of possibilities rather than mere binary values. He introduced the Bloch sphere as a geometric representation of qubit states, where angles reflect the superpositions and phases that define quantum information.
Dr. Gilbert pointed out that the remarkable properties of qubits allow them to encode vast amounts of information. Nevertheless, achieving a fault-tolerant quantum computer remains an elusive goal, with the current focus on building stable systems capable of error correction.