Part 5/6:
The rainbow consists of distinct colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. These colors emerge due to varying wavelengths, each bending at slightly different angles based on their refractive indices. The shorter the wavelength, the more the light bends. Thus, red light appears at a higher angle in the sky (about 42 degrees) while violet is found at a lower angle (around 40 degrees).
This separation of colors occurs due to the differential refraction within the raindrop:
Red: ~42.1 degrees
Orange: ~41.9 degrees
Yellow: ~41.8 degrees
Green: ~41.6 degrees
Blue: ~41.2 degrees
Indigo: ~41.0 degrees
Violet: ~40.0 degrees