Part 2/7:
Rainbows arise when light interacts with water droplets in the atmosphere. The process begins when sunlight shines into a water droplet, causing the light to refract, or bend. As the light enters the droplet, some of it is scattered internally, bouncing off the inner surface before exiting the droplet. This bending of light occurs at a specific angle, known as the angle of deviation, which determines how we perceive the rainbow.
In a previous discussion, it was established that the angle of deviation is minimized when the rainbow appears brightest. Observers can only see the rainbow from specific angles, leading to the well-known belief that a pot of gold at the end of a rainbow is merely a fiction, as physical movement toward it will not result in a visible rainbow.