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Before discussing how a Tesla coil operates, it is essential to grasp the core concepts behind Tesla's invention. Tesla aimed to devise a method for transmitting energy wirelessly over substantial distances. His approach relied on the principles of inductance and the behavior of alternating current.
An inductor—essentially a coil of wire—generates a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it, while variations in this magnetic field can induce a current in another nearby coil. This principle is the foundation of electromagnetic induction.