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Flutter occurs when an aircraft exceeds its maximum allowable speed under specific atmospheric conditions. This phenomenon can damage not just wings and ailerons, but also the entire fuselage, leading to catastrophic structural failure. A notable incident illustrating this risk involved an Air China 747 that exceeded its VMO during a desperate recovery from engine failure. During this incident, extreme aerodynamic stress caused visible damage to various parts of the aircraft, though the pilots ultimately managed to control the plane and make an emergency landing.