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The copper sphere served multiple critical functions in Tesla's experiments. As the terminal for high-frequency currents generated by the magnifying transmitter, it effectively emitted electrical discharges into the atmosphere, creating impressive displays of lightning-like arcs.
Additionally, the copper ball acted as a capacitor, accumulating static electricity from the environment. When charged to a high potential, it discharged energy explosively, mimicking lightning bolts and enabling Tesla to study and harness natural atmospheric electricity.