Part 5/15:
The stream explores mainstream theories such as string theory and loop quantum gravity, highlighting their approaches to understanding the universe's fundamental structure:
- String theory posits that the universe's building blocks are tiny, vibrating one-dimensional strings with a finite size, enforcing a natural limit to resolution. When energies are increased, instead of revealing smaller details, these strings vibrate into higher modes, expanding their effective size and preventing probing of infinitely small scales. This theory inherently includes gravity and naturally produces Einstein’s equations when viewed from afar.