Part 6/11:
In Buchanan’s case, he utilized userland Return-Oriented Programming, which manipulates the application's own code structures to perform unauthorized actions without needing to write or execute new code directly. By controlling the return addresses on the stack and chaining gadgets, he effectively demonstrated the capacity to manipulate the system's behavior within the user space. This is a pivotal step towards full device control, though it does not yet constitute a complete jailbreak.