Part 13/16:
The basal ganglia, deep structures in the forebrain, are central to initiating and inhibiting actions. They are involved in 'go' and 'no-go' behaviors, balancing impulses with restraint. An example includes the 'marshmallow test,' where children learn to delay gratification based on prefrontal cortex signals interacting with the basal ganglia to sustain restraint.
Differences in connectivity and function in this system can explain why some individuals find it easier to resist temptations or initiate voluntary actions, linking to broader themes of motivation and self-control.