Part 6/16:
Logic: The foundational science of reasoning, vital for discernment and understanding truth. Stoic logic was innovative, emphasizing propositional logic and the relationship of assertions, differing from Aristotle’s categorical syllogisms. Chrysippus, a master logician, contributed greatly to this field.
Physics: A materialist universe governed by a divine rational principle called the logos. Unlike non-materialist philosophies, Stoics believed everything, including the soul and gods, was material and interconnected.
Ethics: Living in accord with nature and reason. This aspect is most familiar today, as it emphasizes virtue as the sole good and the path to tranquility (ataraxia).