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Therapeutic work often involves strengthening or creating micro routines to address deficiencies. For example, a person with social anxiety might learn and rehearse basic social gestures until they become automated, enabling more confident interactions. Conversely, neglect or adverse childhood experiences—such as lack of touch or play—can severely impair personality development, leading to lifelong deficits that are hard to repair after early childhood. The Romanian orphanages studies from the 1990s poignantly illustrated how deprivation of basic social stimuli results in profound developmental deficits.
Biological Foundations and Temperamental Dimensions
Personality traits are rooted in underlying biological predispositions, manifesting as temperamental dimensions. For example: