Part 8/12:
With Turing's concepts set in motion, Claude Shannon sought to define and quantify information, which was nebulous until that point. In 1948, Shannon published a groundbreaking paper that established the principles of information theory. He introduced a way to measure information by transforming messages into binary digits (bits) while tying the concept of unexpectedness to the value of information. This revolutionary framework provided a concrete foundation for communication systems that underpin our digital world.