Part 9/19:
Thomas Aquinas was a Dominican theologian born in 1225 in Italy. His work represented a synthesis of Aristotelian philosophy and Christian doctrine, earning him the title of the Angelic Doctor. His seminal work, Summa Theologica, discusses God's existence, morality, and the harmony between faith and reason.
Aquinas is best known for his Five Ways, which are logical arguments for the existence of God. His emphasis on natural law and moral principles rooted in human nature has shaped Catholic doctrine and continues to inform modern philosophical and ethical discussions.