Part 11/19:
John Locke, born in 1632 in England, is known for pioneering modern empiricism and political philosophy. His influential works, including An Essay Concerning Human Understanding and Two Treatises of Government, introduced ideas about natural rights, the social contract, and the consent of the governed, challenging the prevailing notions of absolute monarchy.
Locke's advocacy for individual rights influenced Enlightenment thinkers and later democratic movements, solidifying his place as a foundational figure in modern liberal political theory.