Part 18/19:
Austrian-British philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, born in 1889, profoundly affected 20th-century philosophy with his explorations of language and its relation to reality. His early work, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, introduced the picture theory of language, positing that language accurately represents the world.
Later, in Philosophical Investigations, Wittgenstein critiqued his own earlier views, emphasizing language as a social activity determined by its usage. His ideas on language and meaning have reshaped discussions in logic, linguistics, and cognitive science, making his contributions foundational to modern philosophy.