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The sugar refining process begins with raw sugar mixed with hot syrup, spun to separate impurities, and then clarified to rid it of color. Final stages involve precise heating and filtering to produce refined white sugar, with various specialty sugars produced along the way. In addition to traditional sugar, sugar cane juice is also fermented to produce ethanol, another key product with substantial use in biofuels.
Jaggery, a more traditional sugar product, is popularly made from sugar cane juice, particularly in India. The production process involves extracting juice, filtering it, and boiling it until solidified into blocks of jaggery, with about 10 kilos produced from every 100 kilos of sugar cane.