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Nissan's story experienced a pivotal shift in 1999 when Carlos Ghosn, already celebrated as a rising star at Renault, became COO of the struggling Japanese automaker. At that time, Nissan was reeling from a staggering $926 million fiscal loss. Ghosn's entry, marked by a decisive €5 billion investment from Renault, seemed a bold gamble. Faced with unproductive factories, a bloated workforce, and a lack of profitable products, skeptics questioned whether this collaboration could turn the tide.