Part 3/10:
The concept of the medieval castle was rooted deep in the feudal system, which flourished during the 9th century in France. During this tumultuous time, royal authority faced significant challenges from unruly nobles and Viking invasions. The Frankish kings, descendants of Charlemagne, found themselves unable to maintain order, prompting the need for a new power structure.
To regain control, kings began granting land, known as fiefs, to their vassals—lords who swore loyalty and provided military service. These feudal relationships necessitated the construction of fortified positions that would enable lords to establish their dominance while offering a refuge for themselves and their followers. Thus, the first medieval castles were born, standing as bastions of power and protection.