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Situated in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea, Sicily's history begins with its ancient Greek settlements. Known as Magna Graecia, this region became home to numerous wealthy Greek cities, often surpassing their mainland counterparts in riches and culture. This interaction forged a significant cultural exchange that would later influence the burgeoning Roman Empire. For the Romans, Southern Italy served as their introduction to Greek culture, which left an indelible mark as they sought control over the Mediterranean.