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Historical examples offer further weight to this theory. Figures like Steve Ballmer, former CEO of Microsoft, and Dick Fuld, former CEO of Lehman Brothers, illustrate how successful individuals can falter in leadership roles, often leading to significant organizational failures.
The Psychological Perspective
Interestingly, the dynamics of leadership are not only a modern issue; accounts trace back to military history, where promotions based on previous success led to costly failures. As described by psychologist Norman F. Dixon, an overemphasis on authoritarian obedience in lower ranks can hinder effective leadership at higher levels.