Part 2/10:
Superbugs refer to bacteria that have developed resistance to multiple antibiotics. This resistance enables these dangerous organisms to survive treatments that once effectively eradicated them. The term "antibiotic resistance" captures the ability of these microorganisms to withstand the drugs designed to kill them. The mechanisms of resistance vary; some bacteria undergo mutations in response to antibiotic exposure, while others can exchange genetic material through a process known as horizontal gene transfer. The emergence and proliferation of superbugs transform simple infections into potentially lethal threats.