Part 5/9:
As electrification improves efficiency and reduces the required amount of primary energy, the demand for energy continues to grow, creating a paradox. Historical trends suggest a 10-30% increase in energy demand as systems become more efficient—often referred to as the rebound effect. The crucial question remains whether efficiency gains can keep pace with the growth in demand.
A UK climate change report underscores this complexity. The transition to a clean energy system projected for 2050 indicates that while overall demand for energy may rise, improved efficiencies will reduce the total primary energy supply necessary, suggesting that it's possible to stabilize or even reduce energy consumption while electrifying.