Part 14/18:
These developments collectively mark the decline of the old liberal international order, often characterized as a “unipolar” system controlled by Western institutions like the IMF, WTO, and NATO. Populations worldwide are increasingly turning away from these structures—viewed as illegitimate or disconnected from local realities—and are reclaiming national sovereignty and cultural integrity.
This process, scholars describe as “reterritorialization,” is evident in the worldwide shift toward nationalism, traditionalism, and civilizational identity. Countries in Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe are resurgent with their cultural and religious identities, rejecting the homogenizing forces of Western secular liberalism.