Part 8/13:
One of Levin’s pioneering innovations is the creation of Xenobots—biological robots constructed from living frog skin cells. These are not traditional robots but self-assembled cell groups capable of movement, sensing, and even self-replication. Created from simple manipulations of frog embryos, Xenobots demonstrate remarkable autonomous behaviors: they can move on their own, turn around, and collect loose cells from their environment, forming new generations of their kind.