Part 4/12:
Researchers suggest that the SAA's weakness stems from localized reverse flux patches—regions where magnetic field lines loop back into Earth's core instead of radiating outward—and interactions with dense, anomalous mantle regions like the African Large Low Shear Velocity Province (LLSVP) beneath Africa. This massive chunk of dense rock, possibly a remnant from an ancient impact event, perturbs the outer core's flow, weakening the magnetic field in this area.