Part 2/11:
For decades, Canada has operated an aging fleet of four submarines, primarily British-made, which have become increasingly unreliable. With no concrete plan in place to replace them, the situation has become urgent. The original project, which was likely to be a robust and timely renewal, has essentially collapsed under weak leadership.
Now, Canada is scrambling to acquire up to 12 new submarines capable of under-ice operations, critical for defending the Arctic and maintaining strategic deterrence on all three coasts—Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic. This desperate move exposes a country without the capacity or plan to build such vessels domestically.