Part 11/12:
California’s energy policy in 2025 illustrates the complex realities of transitioning to a green economy. While commitments to reduce emissions remain, the practical constraints of supply, infrastructure, and consumer behavior necessitate a more gradual, managed approach.
The decline of refineries and the rise of renewable fuel conversions demonstrate that decarbonization is possible but at a high cost and with significant logistical hurdles. Maintaining a steady fossil fuel backbone until green alternatives can reliably scale is crucial to avoiding disruptions that could have far-reaching economic and social impacts.