Part 2/7:
The story begins in 2003, when Australian beef faced restrictions following the discovery of mad cow disease (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy). These measures were implemented to protect both public health and domestic livestock industries, and they effectively barred American beef from entering the Australian market. Despite a partial lifting of the blanket ban in 2019—allowing some American beef entry—restrictions still remained, particularly on beef sourced directly from the United States.