Part 5/17:
As civilizations flourished in river valleys, their settlements exhibited sophisticated planning and diverse architectural styles. In Mesopotamia, cities like Ur and Babylon were primarily mudbrick complexes. Houses often faced inward courtyards, shielding inhabitants from the scorching climate and bustling city streets. Typically single-story with flat roofs, these dwellings prioritized privacy and security, with minimal windows to prevent intruders and reduce heat.