Part 10/16:
For example, in 2010, attempts to increase the retirement age from 60 to 62 ignited nationwide strikes and street protests. Macron’s attempts to reform the railway sector and end special employment statutes in 2019 also faced fierce resistance. The latest attempt in 2023 to raise retirement age from 62 to 64 culminated in mass protests, violent clashes, and a government resorting to constitutional bypass mechanisms (Article 49.3), which further eroded public legitimacy and deepened societal divides.