Part 2/10:
First proposed by computing pioneer Alan Turing in 1950, the Turing test is a practical measurement of a machine's conversational ability. Rather than engaging in philosophical debates about whether machines can truly think, Turing suggested a more straightforward approach: if a machine can communicate so convincingly that a human judge cannot reliably distinguish it from a human being during a conversation, it is said to have passed.
Historically, no AI had definitively passed this test under controlled experimental conditions, leaving the question of machine intelligence open. The recent UC San Diego study changed this narrative by demonstrating an AI's remarkable capability to mimic human-like conversation intensively enough to deceive judges more often than actual humans.