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The planet experiences seasons similar to Earth, due to the tilt of its rotational axis, leading to summer and winter periods. Temperatures vary dramatically, from as low as -143°C at the poles during winter to highs of 35°C during the equatorial summer. Mars's polar caps consist mainly of water ice, which grow and shrink cyclically, exhibiting spiral patterns likely caused by the sublimation of dry ice (solid carbon dioxide).
Gravitational and Physical Characteristics
Being less dense than Earth, Mars's gravity is only about 38% of Earth's. Consequently, if you weighed 100 kg on Earth, it would feel like just 38 kg on Mars. This lower gravity has significant implications for the behavior of terrain and the potential movement of future explorers or settlers.